Topic guide

Operations

Explore publications on data centre operations, maintenance, monitoring and routine technical processes. Review operational guidance in the context of your facility’s equipment, responsibilities and procedures.

Sources
232
Downloadable PDFs
47
Years
2002–2027

All sources

217–232 / 232

Technical guideCitation

Uptime Institute 2013

Tier Standard: Operational Sustainability

Build an operational-readiness score in the operations module: staffing model (24x7 on-site for Tier III/IV intent), maintenance programme (PM schedule, CMMS), training/qualification and procedures (MOP/SOP/EOP)

  • Current edition effective 1 April 2013
Technical guidePDF

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Headquarters, Department of the Army) 2002

TM 5-693 Uninterruptible Power Supply System Selection, Installation, and Maintenance for Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Facilities (31 May 2002)

Calculate availability from MTBF and MTTR before choosing a UPS configuration; apply the same method to single-unit, N+1 and dual-redundant layouts to compare the gain from redundancy with the cost of the added components.

  • C4ISR facilities require a reliability level of 99.9999 percent (the six-nine rule), which may call for greater redundancy.
Technical guidePDF

Headquarters, Department of the Army (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) 2007

TM 5-698-1 Reliability/Availability of Electrical & Mechanical Systems for Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Facilities (19 January 2007)

When writing an availability target into a data centre specification, state the measurement interval as well; the same downtime gives 95.83 or 99.86 percent depending on the interval.

  • With exponentially distributed failures, reliability at an operating time equal to the MTBF is only about 37 percent (e^-1 = 0.368).
Technical guidePDF

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2006

TM 5-698-2, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) for Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Facilities (6 October 2006)

At design stage carry out an FMEA for each critical system and record failure modes, effects and detection methods as input to the RCM decision logic; the text stresses that RCM starts in design and continues for the life of the facility.

  • For an exponential failure distribution with constant failure rate, an item with a 1000-hour MTBF has only a 37 percent probability of surviving 1000 hours of continuous operation.
Technical guidePDF

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Headquarters, Department of the Army technical manual) 2005

TM 5-698-3, Reliability Primer for Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Facilities (14 October 2005)

Draw the UPS, generator and chiller chain as a series-parallel block diagram and compute system reliability on paper first, with the product rule for series parts and the parallel formula for redundant ones.

  • Series system reliability is the product of element reliabilities: R = R1 x R2 x R3.
Technical guidePDF

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Headquarters, Department of the Army) 2006

TM 5-698-4 Failure Modes, Effects and Criticality Analyses (FMECA) for Command, Control, Communications, Computer, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (C4ISR) Facilities (29 September 2006)

At design stage run a functional FMEA of each critical system (power, generators, cooling); do not start without schematics, bill of materials, block diagram and the mission requirement.

  • The Risk Priority Number is Severity (1-10) x Occurrence (1-10), optionally multiplied by Detection: RPN = S x O x D.
Technical guideFree to read

Uptime Institute 2026

Uptime Institute Tier Classification System

Model 'reliability.target' as an enum {TierI..TierIV} driving topology defaults: Tier I single path N; Tier II N+1 capacity components, single path; Tier III N+1 components AND two distribution paths (one may be passive), concurrently maintainable; Tier IV 2N or 2(N+1), two active physically compartmentalized paths and continuous cooling with UPS-backed pumps/fans.

  • Over 4,300 Tier Certification awards in 120+ countries (2026).

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