Topic guide
Browse publications on environmental impacts, carbon, resource use and life cycles. Compare assessment methods while reviewing their scope, data periods and reporting boundaries alongside the original sources.
145–168 / 201
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 2024
Take AI rack and node power assumptions (3.4 to 12.2 kW per 8-GPU server, 20% idle) as a cross-check on IT load models, not as a substitute for vendor data.
European Commission JRC 2025
Design the facility to operate within the ASHRAE Class A2 allowable range and require A2 operation within warranty in IT procurement; plan separate environmental zones (practice 5.3.4) for legacy equipment.
Google 2020
Add an "hourly CFE potential" score per candidate grid (grid CFE% plus PPA options) to site selection, beside annual renewable %.
European Commission, DG Energy 2025
Compare your design PUE target with the real EU spread: 1.21 on average above 10 MW, 1.55 at 1-2 MW; set a realistic bound for your facility size.
Schneider Electric 2018
Add battery catalogue parameters: chemistry, service life at 25°C, m² per kWh, kg per kWh and floor loading.
Schneider Electric 2025
In the energy dashboard, show IT-side levers (utilization, accelerated computing) next to facility PUE.
BRE Global 2012
In existing-site assessments, show the legacy scheme when the user records a BREEAM DC 2010 certificate.
BRE Global 2019
Metering rule: if projected PUE is below 1.2 require IT-level (PUE3) metering; at 1.2-1.5 require at least PDU-output (PUE2); otherwise UPS-output (PUE1) is acceptable.
European Commission (Official Journal of the European Union) 2024
Build the metering architecture to the regulation: meters on every supply input for total energy (grid and back-up generator separately) and at every UPS output for IT energy, with a system that retains measurement point and device records for at least 10 years.
Schneider Electric 2023
Add a dielectric-fluid catalog with family (hydrocarbon, fluorocarbon), phase (1p, 2p), flash point, boiling point, GWP, PFAS status, cost per litre and annual loss percentage.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2024
Build the metering plan so that PUE can be reported at the highest category possible, with IT load measured at PDU or equipment input rather than the UPS output where feasible.
European Commission JRC 2020
Ask in the specification for a designed PUE (dPUE) at a stated IT load (for example 50%) and conditions, under ISO/IEC 30134-2 or EN 50600-4-2, and write PUE demonstration at handover and the commissioning test into the contract.
Digital Realty 2025
Use portfolio PUE of about 1.38-1.4 as the benchmark for multi-tenant colocation (against hyperscale about 1.1 and industry about 1.54).
European Commission, DG Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT) 2020
Use the regional and size-based values for first-pass PUE assumptions, but treat them as 2018-and-earlier averages and as historical context, not as a current target.
Schneider Electric 2019
Use 20 kW per rack (the Green Grid midpoint) as the default threshold at which the wizard recommends evaluating liquid cooling.
Google 2026
In the cooling-selection UX present an explicit energy-versus-water trade-off (PUE versus WUE) per site, with a water-stress input (for example a WRI Aqueduct category).
Open Compute Project Foundation 2026
Evaluate cooling and siting options on energy, carbon, site water and water scarcity together, not on PUE or WUE alone.
The Green Grid (Global Metrics Harmonization Task Force) 2014
Present PUE, partial PUE, REF/GEC, ERF, WUE and CUE as one consistent metric set in every report.
U.S. Green Building Council 2019
Build a "LEED Data Centers" checklist in the sustainability module that requires an annualised design PUE from the app's energy model.
NREL 2018
Fix two design temperatures early, the coolest supply you can produce on the hottest day and the return temperature needed for heat reuse, and select IT equipment against them.
Meta 2025
Take hyperscale best-in-class WUE of about 0.2 L/kWh (withdrawal basis) and PUE of about 1.08 as benchmarks.
Meta 2026
Add a fuel-type parameter to the generator catalog {diesel, HVO, natural gas, dual-fuel}, with HVO as a drop-in option for the same genset.
Schneider Electric 2020
Add an optional grid-interactive UPS feature
ABB 2026
For loads above roughly 30-50 MW add a grid-code compliance checklist (LVRT duration, frequency band, RoCoF, PF) and let users choose LV-UPS versus MV-UPS architecture.
All content and rights belong to the respective authors and publishers. SoSo CAD provides only the citation, its own summary and a link to the source, and is not responsible for the sources' content.
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