Topic guide
Discover publications on data centre energy consumption, power demand and efficiency. Investigate measurement methods, operating conditions and improvement approaches through summaries and original references.
337–360 / 416
Schneider Electric 2020
Use C-rate-dependent usable energy (Peukert-like) in the battery runtime calculator rather than nameplate kWh.
U.S. DOE FEMP 2025
For a small data center or server room, write metering, air management and monitoring requirements into the specification from the start, given that energy management in this class tends to be poor.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 2014
Borrow the metric set (PUE, intake temperature and humidity, RTI, cooling efficiency, airflow efficiency, distribution efficiency) as the minimum list of measurements a monitoring design must support.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2024
Build the metering plan so that PUE can be reported at the highest category possible, with IT load measured at PDU or equipment input rather than the UPS output where feasible.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Center of Expertise for Energy Efficiency in Data Centers) / U.S. DOE FEMP 2020
Compare the planned UPS module count and redundancy scheme against the load curve: check the per-unit load at day-one and at full build, and consider modular units or switching off surplus modules.
U.S. DOE Better Buildings / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 2017
At a stand-alone site, design meters that record energy (kWh) at the utility entrance and at the UPS output (or at panels serving only IT if there is no UPS); a UPS display that shows only power (kW) is not enough.
Schneider Electric 2011
Have the TCO engine report cost per rack and per kW over a user-selectable life (default 10 years) and split capex from opex.
European Commission JRC 2020
Ask in the specification for a designed PUE (dPUE) at a stated IT load (for example 50%) and conditions, under ISO/IEC 30134-2 or EN 50600-4-2, and write PUE demonstration at handover and the commissioning test into the contract.
Digital Realty 2025
Use portfolio PUE of about 1.38-1.4 as the benchmark for multi-tenant colocation (against hyperscale about 1.1 and industry about 1.54).
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / ANCIS Incorporated 2023
Calculate required sensible airflow from heat load with a stated temperature rise, air density and specific heat.
Schneider Electric 2011
Compute economizer hours from hourly climate data (dry bulb and wet bulb) against the chosen supply setpoint and approach temperatures, and report partial and full economizer hours separately.
ASHRAE TC 9.9 2021
Add class H1 and the W17/W27/W32/W40/W45/W+ facility-water classes to the thermal catalog as enumerations.
TÜV NORD 2026
In an 'EN 50600' standards profile, offer separate availability-class selectors for power, cooling and cabling (instead of a single Tier), plus a protection-class selector per room or zone
TÜV NORD Year not stated
Point to this paper only as an orientation resource for newcomers to the EN 50600 family; do not derive calculation rules from it.
NREL 2019
Use the measured capture fractions (98.3%, 93.4%, 86.1%) to estimate the residual air load for a fixed cold plate rack, remembering that power shelves, CDUs and switches stayed air-cooled.
U.S. EPA / ENERGY STAR 2024
Write ENERGY STAR Version 4.0 certification and the PSU efficiency steps (at 10% to 100% load points) into the server procurement specification; look especially at 10% and 20% load efficiency for redundant supplies that run lightly loaded.
U.S. EPA / ENERGY STAR 2017
Write the Version 2.0 thresholds into UPS procurement as a floor; for VFI units above 10,000 W compute the minimum from 0.0058 x ln(P) + 0.886 for the actual rating.
U.S. EPA / ENERGY STAR 2014
Design sub-metering for IT energy at the UPS output and feed it into monitoring with monthly records; this is a precondition for the score.
European Commission, DG Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT) 2020
Use the regional and size-based values for first-pass PUE assumptions, but treat them as 2018-and-earlier averages and as historical context, not as a current target.
Equinix 2022
Default the cooling module's supply-air setpoint for colo profiles to 27 degC (upper end of the ASHRAE recommended 18-27 degC), with a sensitivity chart of PUE and economizer hours versus setpoint (e.g. 22 to 27 degC).
Schneider Electric 2019
Use 20 kW per rack (the Green Grid midpoint) as the default threshold at which the wizard recommends evaluating liquid cooling.
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) 2016
For cooling design use a station's hourly dry-bulb and wet-bulb (or dew point) data to count free-cooling and economiser hours in 1 degree C bins; SoSo CAD builds annual 1 degree C dry-bulb and wet-bulb hour bins for this purpose from one year of station files.
Google 2026
In the efficiency dashboard show three PUE references: design PUE, partial-load PUE (at 25/50/75% IT load) and benchmarks (Google 1.09 hyperscale; Uptime 1.54 industry).
Google 2026
In the cooling-selection UX present an explicit energy-versus-water trade-off (PUE versus WUE) per site, with a water-stress input (for example a WRI Aqueduct category).
All content and rights belong to the respective authors and publishers. SoSo CAD provides only the citation, its own summary and a link to the source, and is not responsible for the sources' content.
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