Topic guide
Explore publications on PUE and other data centre performance indicators. Before using a metric for comparison or design decisions, check its measurement boundaries, calculation method and required inputs against the original reference.
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Schneider Electric 2011
Never output a single PUE: produce a PUE-vs-IT-load curve (10-100%) and an annual PUE from hourly weather bins, labelling the averaging period explicitly.
Schneider Electric 2011
Model each infrastructure block with no-load, proportional and square-law coefficients (Table 2 as defaults) and compute PUE as a curve over 0-100% IT utilisation.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2025
Give catalogue items (UPS, generators, switchgear, cable, CDUs, racks, concrete) an embodied-carbon block: A1-A3 kg CO2e, functional unit, method (EPD/LCA/TM65/EEIO), verification status and emission factor source, matching this disclosure template.
International Energy Agency 2025
Use the IEA component split (servers about 60%, storage about 5%, network up to 5%, cooling 7-30%) to sanity-check modelled energy breakdowns.
Sustainability (MDPI AG) 2023
Show evaporative free-cooling feasibility with a potential-hours study that bins the city's hourly wet-bulb distribution against mode thresholds (13 and 15 °C); in a humid climate direct evaporative mode ran only 262 h a year.
European Commission JRC 2024
In grid connection and permitting discussions account for regional concentration (data centres are 18% of national electricity in Ireland); in dense markets grid capacity and permitting can be a critical risk.
Siemens 2020
Check busway Icw/Ipk against the prospective fault level at the feeding board.
Scientific Reports (Springer Science and Business Media LLC) 2025
Set up the retrofit workflow as KPI-guided: with a validated CFD model compute RCI, RHI, RTI and the recirculation index, then test rack repositioning, separators, sealing unused bays and removing badly placed ventilation units in sequence.
Energies (MDPI AG) 2025
In PUE comparisons state the facility type (edge, SMB, enterprise, colocation, hyperscale) and assign IT/facility power categories per The Green Grid definitions in detail; PUE across types is not directly comparable.
Applied Sciences (MDPI AG) 2025
When connecting waste heat to DH, fix the DH generation early: for 5G and 4G direct heat-exchanger connection suffices (PUE below 1.6, ERF above 0.85), while 3G needs a high-temperature heat pump (PUE about 2.1, payback about 14 years).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (ENERGY STAR) 2024
Store the SERT version alongside every imported server efficiency score so comparisons between catalogue entries stay traceable.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (ENERGY STAR) 2020
Record the test-condition envelope (18-28 C inlet, supply voltage) alongside certified storage power values so users know published watts correspond to a cool inlet; apply a temperature-uplift caveat when the design inlet setpoint is higher.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (ENERGY STAR) 2023
When importing server power data, keep the 25 ± 5 °C test ambient as metadata and warn that fan power rises at higher inlet set points.
The Green Grid 2026
In the metrics roadmap, plan an EUI/DCRE panel combining energy, water and IT work capacity next to PUE.
European Union Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (eu-LISA) 2026
For novice users, show the band labels (very efficient, efficient, average, inefficient) as plain-language feedback next to the computed PUE.
Schneider Electric 2022
In the metering plan generator, confirm meters exist to produce the chosen maturity tier's metric set: total facility kWh, IT kWh for PUE, renewable kWh, site water m3 for WUE, reused energy for ERF.
CBRE Data Centre Solutions (deck hosted on SlideShare by ICT Footprint.eu) 2018
In a pluggable standards module, map EN 50600 availability classes, Uptime Tiers and TIA-942 ratings as separate frameworks rather than equivalents.
Energies (MDPI AG) 2021
In a two-phase immersion tank, set server spacing by power: at least 15 mm at 1000 W and 20 mm at 1500 W for the 85 °C surface limit, and wider for 2000 W and above.
Nortek Air Solutions 2021
Support peak pPUE (electrical sizing, with N-x units offline at ASHRAE N50/N20 extremes) separately from annual pPUE/WUE (energy) in the cooling plant model.
Burns & McDonnell 2024
For liquid-cooled racks, always keep a residual air-cooling load (default 20-50% of IT, user-adjustable) and size CRAH or fan-wall capacity for it.
U.S. DOE Federal Energy Management Program / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 2014
In the metering design tool, let users pick Level 1/2/3 metering and display the resulting PUE uncertainty band.
U.S. Department of Energy / U.S. EPA (ENERGY STAR) 2013
When ingesting vendor UPS efficiency figures, record the input configuration (three-phase) and whether the values follow ENERGY STAR or IEC 62040-3 methods.
TMMOB Makina Mühendisleri Odası (MMO) - Tesisat Mühendisliği Dergisi 2025
Provide a cooling-topology picker (room, row, rack, economiser direct/indirect) with Turkish labels.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2025
Site and compliance rules should hold jurisdiction-specific targets (for example Germany: PUE 1.2 for new builds and 10-20% ERF).
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