Topic guide
Explore technical publications on data centre cooling systems, thermal loads and operating conditions. Review air and liquid approaches, energy use and operational requirements within each source’s scope.
265–288 / 339
IEEE (Energy Efficient HPC Working Group paper; hosted by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) 2021
Use the eight-section outline as the skeleton for the controls part of an Owner's Project Requirements before the Basis of Design starts.
Schneider Electric 2026
Add an OT-network section to the design: each monitored device class carries a protocol list and an IEC 62443 certification flag.
Open Compute Project 2024
In the liquid-cooling calculator implement Q = m*cp*delta-T for TCS/FWS sizing (water cp 4.18 kJ/kg-K, PG25 option) and size pipes by maximum velocity.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2024
Reserve space for tap-off valves, pipe paths with straight runs, valve and fitting replacement, drainage and condensation collection in the original design.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Center of Expertise for Energy Efficiency in Data Centers) / U.S. DOE FEMP 2020
Compare the planned UPS module count and redundancy scheme against the load curve: check the per-unit load at day-one and at full build, and consider modular units or switching off surplus modules.
U.S. DOE Better Buildings / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 2017
At a stand-alone site, design meters that record energy (kWh) at the utility entrance and at the UPS output (or at panels serving only IT if there is no UPS); a UPS display that shows only power (kW) is not enough.
ASHRAE TC 9.9 2016
Encode the A1-A4 table (dry bulb, dew point, altitude derate) as the canonical envelope lookup; site max inlet = classMax - (altitude-900)/derateStep.
Vertiv 2023
Calculation default: DLC flow = 1.5 L/min per kW of liquid-captured heat; to adjust by dT use flow = P/(4.18 x dT) L/s.
European Commission JRC 2020
Ask in the specification for a designed PUE (dPUE) at a stated IT load (for example 50%) and conditions, under ISO/IEC 30134-2 or EN 50600-4-2, and write PUE demonstration at handover and the commissioning test into the contract.
Schneider Electric 2025
Use the eight challenges as a DLC readiness checklist in the commissioning and design-review module.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / ANCIS Incorporated 2023
Calculate required sensible airflow from heat load with a stated temperature rise, air density and specific heat.
Schneider Electric 2011
Compute economizer hours from hourly climate data (dry bulb and wet bulb) against the chosen supply setpoint and approach temperatures, and report partial and full economizer hours separately.
ASHRAE TC 9.9 2021
Add class H1 and the W17/W27/W32/W40/W45/W+ facility-water classes to the thermal catalog as enumerations.
TÜV NORD 2026
In an 'EN 50600' standards profile, offer separate availability-class selectors for power, cooling and cabling (instead of a single Tier), plus a protection-class selector per room or zone
NREL 2019
Use the measured capture fractions (98.3%, 93.4%, 86.1%) to estimate the residual air load for a fixed cold plate rack, remembering that power shelves, CDUs and switches stayed air-cooled.
European Commission, DG Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CONNECT) 2020
Use the regional and size-based values for first-pass PUE assumptions, but treat them as 2018-and-earlier averages and as historical context, not as a current target.
Equinix 2022
Default the cooling module's supply-air setpoint for colo profiles to 27 degC (upper end of the ASHRAE recommended 18-27 degC), with a sensitivity chart of PUE and economizer hours versus setpoint (e.g. 22 to 27 degC).
ASHRAE TC 9.9 2009
If an air-side economiser meets an urban or industrial site, prompt for corrosion coupon monitoring (G1 target) and MERV 11/13 makeup-air filtration.
NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) 2016
For cooling design use a station's hourly dry-bulb and wet-bulb (or dew point) data to count free-cooling and economiser hours in 1 degree C bins; SoSo CAD builds annual 1 degree C dry-bulb and wet-bulb hour bins for this purpose from one year of station files.
Google 2026
In the efficiency dashboard show three PUE references: design PUE, partial-load PUE (at 25/50/75% IT load) and benchmarks (Google 1.09 hyperscale; Uptime 1.54 industry).
Google 2026
In the cooling-selection UX present an explicit energy-versus-water trade-off (PUE versus WUE) per site, with a water-stress input (for example a WRI Aqueduct category).
Schneider Electric 2015
Build the PUE calculator on an explicit load-classification table: each catalog component is IT, infrastructure, excluded or shared.
World Meteorological Organization 2012
Use the stated Celsius convention and applicability range when comparing dry-bulb, dew point and relative humidity.
Schneider Electric 2014
Make the primary density inputs per rack: avgRackKw and peakRackKw per row or zone, default peak/avg 2
All content and rights belong to the respective authors and publishers. SoSo CAD provides only the citation, its own summary and a link to the source, and is not responsible for the sources' content.
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