Topic guide
Explore references on reliability, availability and redundant architectures. Review failure models, maintenance arrangements and system dependencies while keeping the evidence, methods and scope of each publication in view.
97–120 / 255
ISO/IEC 2021
In the cooling module, apply class-based redundancy rules (N, N+1, 2N) to cooling plant and distribution.
ISO/IEC 2018
Model cable pathways (overhead trays, underfloor) and distribution areas as layout objects.
ISO/IEC 2018
At operations handover, generate a capacity-planning and operations dataset (asset register, capacity headroom by power/cooling/space, maintenance windows) from the design model.
Consulting-Specifying Engineer 2026
Seed facility-type templates with default UPS/generator redundancy and fuel autonomy from Table 1.
STULZ 2026
In the liquid-cooling module size TCS flow at about 1.5 L/min/kW by default and store CDU approach temperature and external static pressure.
Eaton 2018
Add cathode chemistry, oxygen-release flag, float life, maximum charge C-rate and BMS disconnect limits (V, I, T) to the battery catalogue.
Uptime Institute Journal 2019
Catalogue battery chemistry per UPS with an approved-location field (battery room versus data hall) and charger compatibility flags.
IEC 2024
In surge and EMC design, add an SPD placement rule set: origin of the installation, sub-distribution and sensitive IT boards, with DC SPDs for battery and PV DC buses.
Consulting-Specifying Engineer 2023
Offer an MV distribution template (13.2 kV, main-tie-tie-main, separated rooms) for multistory halls and compute conduit and cable quantities against 480 V.
Schneider Electric 2011
In the availability model give each UPS and cooling unit a failure-domain attribute (racks lost on its failure) alongside MTBF, so users can compare one large UPS with distributed or modular N+1 options by blast radius, not just component count.
Uptime Institute Journal 2017
Evaluate the Tier checker on topology, with paths and components removed one at a time, not on component counts.
Mortenson 2024
In the phasing module, model staged handovers with live-side/build-side separation.
Huawei Digital Power 2022
Support CUE, WUE and a heat-reuse fraction next to PUE in reports.
National Institute of Standards and Technology 2010
Derive MTD, RTO and RPO from the BIA for the data centre and translate them into UPS and generator runtime, cooling redundancy and replication architecture requirements.
NVIDIA 2025
Define the cluster template with SU = 8 NVL72 racks at 1.2 MW IT; auto-place SUs in rows following the reference rack layout, allocating ~150 kW per compute rack plus network racks.
Open Compute Project Foundation 2022
Model ORV3 in-rack BBU as an alternative to a central UPS and check that generator start and transfer time fit inside the roughly 4-minute window at rated load per shelf.
Uptime Institute Intelligence 2023
Add climate and sustainability risk categories, which operators typically omit, to the tool's risk-assessment checklist.
Eaton 2020
Add maxParallelUnits, paralleling architecture (distributed or centralised bypass) and static switch rating to the UPS catalogue.
Caterpillar 2018
Build an architecture selector with the three options and show consequences: LV-only limit for on-set, required breaker closing speed, and master-controller need for complex sequences.
Beca 2026
Allow mixed-density zones within one hall, each with its own density assumptions.
Beca 2026
Let users set the cold-aisle supply temperature and recompute free-cooling hours from the site weather file.
Vertiv 2018
Give UPS catalogue entries a topology enum, transformer-based vs transformer-free, modular increment (kW) and maximum frame, and eco-mode type (passive bypass vs active inverter).
Energies (MDPI AG) 2015
Make inrush control (pre-charge, soft start) an explicit design step in DC distribution, and assess contact-welding risk in connector and contact selection.
arXiv preprint (Microsoft / OpenAI / NVIDIA) 2025
For AI-training halls, carry a 'synchronous load' flag and capture utility time-domain (MW/s ramp up/down, dynamic range) and frequency-domain (critical band, spectral cap) limits as interconnection inputs.
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